Application of CAR-T Cell Therapy beyond Oncology: Autoimmune Diseases and Viral Infections

Zmievskaya, Ekaterina and Valiullina, Aygul and Ganeeva, Irina and Petukhov, Alexey and Rizvanov, Albert and Bulatov, Emil (2021) Application of CAR-T Cell Therapy beyond Oncology: Autoimmune Diseases and Viral Infections. Biomedicines, 9 (1). p. 59. ISSN 2227-9059

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Abstract

Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) has long been at the forefront of the battle with cancer that began last century with the therapeutic application of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) against melanoma. The development of novel ACT approaches led researchers and clinicians to highly efficient technologies based on genetically engineered T lymphocytes, with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells as the most prominent example. CARs consist of an extracellular domain that represents the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) responsible for target recognition and the intracellular domain, which was built from up to several signaling motifs that mediated T cell activation. The number of potential targets amenable for CAR-T cell therapy is expanding rapidly, which means that the tremendous success of this approach in oncology could be further translated to treating other diseases. In this review, we outlined modern trends and recent developments in CAR-T cell therapy from an unusual point of view by focusing on diseases beyond cancer, such as autoimmune disorders and viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: chimeric antigen receptor; T lymphocytes; CAR-T; immunotherapy; autoimmune diseases; human immunodeficiency virus; SARS-CoV-2
Subjects: STM Repository > Biological Science
Depositing User: Managing Editor
Date Deposited: 02 Oct 2024 08:07
Last Modified: 02 Oct 2024 08:07
URI: http://classical.goforpromo.com/id/eprint/1030

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