Development of Questionnaire for the Assessment of Awareness about Heart Attack among Adults in Quetta Pakistan

Objectives: Awareness of heart attack is very important to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with a heart attack. The current study aims to develop a questionnaire to assess heart attack awareness among adults in Quetta, Pakistan, and also focused on translating into the Urdu language and validating the translated questionnaire.

Methods: The questionnaire was developed in English after the review of relevant literature and translated into Urdu. Content validity was performed by eight experts in medicine and pharmacy practice and a content validity index was calculated. Internal consistency and reliability were assessed by Cronbach alpha and corrected item-total correlation. Test re-test reliability was determined using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. The cross-sectional pilot study was conducted among 100 adults and a chi-square test was done to find a correlation between score groups and demographics.

Results: A content validity index was 0.804 while the Cronbach alpha was .935 for the entire scale, indicating internal consistency. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient value of 0.78 (p = 0.006) was obtained during the evaluation of test-retest reliability. Significant relationships were observed between knowledge scores and gender, education level, and smoking during the pilot study.

Conclusion: The current study showed that the developed questionnaire is reliable and valid for accessing adults’ awareness about heart attack.