Blue Light Blocking Ophthalmic Lenses and Their Benefits–A Review

Light plays an important role in many functions of the human body. It improves visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and colour perception while improving mood, memory and maintaining hormonal balance through the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle. The low wavelength violet-blue light in the spectrum of 390-470 nm is high energy light and has been blamed for causing damage to the retina. Many studies have looked at how blue radiation affects eye health, visual acuity and circadian rhythm, especially in relation to the placement of filters that reduce the passage of blue light into the intraocular or ocular lens. In general, blue light improves contrast sensitivity and vision in intermediate lighting conditions, affects the sleep-wake cycle through melatonin secretion, and can cause several oxidative reactions in the retina resulting in the accumulation of photo deposits. Today it is well known that the spectrum in blue light radiation creates a wide range of health problems in every category of population, from premature infants to the elderly. This blue light spectrum is contained in the white light of Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps, "economical" and any light source, such as that which comes from smartphones, computers, and many other devices whose light is a composition of colour spectra having the most powerful spectrum in blue. Blue blocker ophthalmic lenses provide a solution to all the above.