Infections of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: Diagnosis and Approach

With the expansion of the indications for implantation of cardiac electronic devices, there was an increase in these procedures and, consequently, there was an increase of the infection rate. The risk of infection depends on many factors, including device type and the number of implantation procedures. In addition to significant morbidity, one-year mortality is approximately 20%. Knowledge of the factors associated with this unfavorable outcome, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment are very important for proper approach. This review presents all these aspects and strategies for the prevention of infection related to implantable electronic cardiac devices.