Morphometric Variations of Frontal Sinus in Pediatric Age Group in Central India – A Study

Background: The aim was to know gender-wise developmental and morphological variations of the frontal sinuses in the pediatric age group of Gurugram district of Haryana(Central India). The development and pneumatisation of the frontal sinuses predict the pattern of skeletal growth. The craniofacial structures develop in proportion to the rest of the body's structures.

Methods: There were a total of 36 patients investigated from January 2019 to March 2019, the research was carried out in the Department of Radio-diagnosis at SGT Medical College, Hospital and Research Institute in Budhera (Gurugram), Haryana. This included 12 females and 24 males between the ages of 8 to 18. The frontal sinuses were assessed based on morphological characteristics. Caldwell's perspective was used to analyse plain X-ray of the paranasal sinuses.

Results: The average width and height of the left frontal sinuses were 23.8 mm, ranging from 5.5 to 43 mm, and 28.4 mm, ranging from 13 to 45 mm, respectively. The average width and height of the right frontal sinus were 20.4 mm and 20 mm, respectively, with a range of 9.8 – 39 mm and 13-38 mm. On the right and left, the average number of scalloping was 1.9 and 2.19, respectively. The septations were noticed in 13 (36.11%) on left and in 16 (44.44%) on the right side. Supraorbital cells were found in 16 (44.44%) on left side and 17 (47.22%) on right side.

Conclusion: In the paediatric age range, there is a lot of variety in the appearance and development of the frontal sinuses. The dimensions on the right side were discovered to be smaller than on the left side. The right side had more scalloping and supraorbital cells than the left side. In comparison to the right side, the left side had greater septation.