Study on Conflict and Its Political Economy Implications in Southern Sudan

Since pre-colonial and post-colonial era relations between Sudan and South Sudan has been characterized by the following; political and economic marginalization of South Sudan through under representation, discrimination and other restrictions that did not permits South Sudanese to occupied certain important constitutional posts. This paper examine how the imposition of Arabic language and culture on the people of South Sudan led to conflict, because Northern Sudan were predominantly Arabs and Muslim while Southern Sudan are black Africans with majority of them being Christians or they practice African traditional religion. The method used in carrying out this researched is qualitative descriptive techniques, data were generated through the use of secondary sources that is books, Journals and internet materials; this study adopted relative deprivation theory. The findings revealed that abolition of Addis Ababa agreement of 1972 which grant Southern Sudan as semi- autonomous region, and amalgamation of Northern Sudan with South Sudan, by the colonial masters in 1947 as a single Country, without consulting the people of South Sudan is a mistake, because, North Sudan and South Sudan were administered by the Britain as a two separate countries, coupled with these aforementioned ideological differences between Northern and Southern Sudan, these led to retardation and neglect of socio political and economic development in South Sudan and that serve as a factor that cause both first and second Sudan civil war which led to deaths of millions of people and that led to secession of South Sudan from Sudan.