The Assessment of the Toxic Effects of Bisphenol A (BPA) on Physiology and Reproduction of the Fish Species Oreochromis mossambicus

The industrialized world produces massive amounts of plastic every year. Recent research information suggests that BPA exhibits hormone-like properties, raising concerns about its suitability in some consumer products and food containers. The most important human exposure route to BPA is diet, which includes consumption of unclean food and water. Exposure to BPA has resulted in adverse effects on reproduction, embryonic development, and the onset of genetic abnormalities in both aquatic and terrestrial animals. However, reports of the effects of BPA on reproductive physiology in fish are limited. This study was aimed to study the adverse effect of BPA on the regulation of reproductive genes in Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) fish species. The tissue distribution patterns of GnRH1 and GnRH1 in adult Oreochromis mossambicus are shown in predominantly expressed in brain tissues but after the exposure of BPA the gene expression were reported down regulated. When t test was applied on the obtained data we have reported the statically significant down regulation of the GnRH2 (t test P = 0.0395) after the exposure of BPA 5mg BPA/L. This study showed the adverse effect on the reproductive genes of the Oreochromis mossambicus.