Potential Application of Chitosan from Fishery Waste

-1,4-linked glucosamine units, featuring hydroxyl and amino groups throughout its chain. This polymer is derived from the deacetylation process of chitin and is known for its non-toxic and biocompatible properties. It is commonly employed as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent. One intriguing aspect of chitosan is its sustainable sourcing. Waste materials from the fishing industry, including shrimp shells, crab shells, squid bones, and fish scales, can be utilized for efficient chitosan production, reducing environmental impact, and providing a renewable source. The extraction of chitosan can be achieved through chemical or biological (enzymatic) methods. Chemical methods involve the use of strong acids or bases, whereas enzymatic methods utilize specific enzymes to break down chitin into chitosan. The choice of extraction method depends on the desired characteristics and application requirements. Chitosan finds applications in various sectors. In cosmetics, it provides moisturizing and skin rejuvenation properties. In pharmaceuticals and biomedical fields, it is used in tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery systems. The food industry benefits from chitosan's antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for food preservation, packaging, and other applications. Chitosan also shows promise in agriculture as a biopesticide and plant growth enhancer. In summary, chitosan is a versatile biomaterial with remarkable properties and numerous applications. Its non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and sustainable sourcing from fishery waste make it attractive to various industries. Ongoing research continues to explore the extensive potential of chitosan, paving the way for further advancements and innovations in its utilization.