Effects of Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emission Relevance to Environmental Stress on Horticultural Crops

Global climate change significantly impacts the yield and quality of sustainable horticulture crops. Rising global temperatures have forced the agricultural community to modify planting and harvesting timetables, frequently calling for earlier crop production. Notably, several concerning elements are brought about by climate change, including greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs), higher temperatures, higher concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4), ozone depletion (O3), and deforestation. All of these factors exacerbate environmental stresses on crops. Climate change is, therefore, likely to have a negative impact on livestock production and crop yields. Thus, the main goal of the review paper is to provide a thorough summary of the various aspects that affect the production of fruits, vegetables, and plantation crops in horticulture, with a focus on greenhouse gas emissions and environmental stressors like high temperatures, droughts, salinity, and CO2 emissions. This assessment will also look at how new greenhouse technologies and horticultural crop varieties can be used to lessen the adverse effects of climate change on crops.