A 3D Printed Composite Scaffold Loaded with Clodronate to Regenerate Osteoporotic Bone: In Vitro Characterization

Cometa, Stefania and Bonifacio, Maria Addolorata and Tranquillo, Elisabetta and Gloria, Antonio and Domingos, Marco and De Giglio, Elvira (2021) A 3D Printed Composite Scaffold Loaded with Clodronate to Regenerate Osteoporotic Bone: In Vitro Characterization. Polymers, 13 (1). p. 150. ISSN 2073-4360

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Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) is changing our current approach to the clinical treatment of bone diseases, providing new opportunities to fabricate customized, complex 3D structures with bioactive materials. Among several AM techniques, the BioCell Printing is an advanced, integrated system for material manufacture, sterilization, direct cell seeding and growth, which allows for the production of high-resolution micro-architectures. This work proposes the use of the BioCell Printing to fabricate polymer-based scaffolds reinforced with ceramics and loaded with bisphosphonates for the treatment of osteoporotic bone fractures. In particular, biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) was blended with hydroxyapatite particles and clodronate, a bisphosphonate with known efficacy against several bone diseases. The scaffolds’ morphology was investigated by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT) while Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) revealed the scaffolds’ elemental composition. A thermal characterization of the composites was accomplished by Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). The mechanical performance of printed scaffolds was investigated under static compression and compared against that of native human bone. The designed 3D scaffolds promoted the attachment and proliferation of human MSCs. In addition, the presence of clodronate supported cell differentiation, as demonstrated by the normalized alkaline phosphatase activity. The obtained results show that the BioCell Printing can easily be employed to generate 3D constructs with pre-defined internal/external shapes capable of acting as a temporary physical template for regeneration of cancellous bone tissues.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: additive manufacturing; composite scaffold design; bone substitute; poly(ε-caprolactone); hydroxyapatite; clodronate; mechanical analysis; biocompatibility; thermal analysis; X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Subjects: STM Repository > Chemical Science
Depositing User: Managing Editor
Date Deposited: 17 Jan 2023 07:16
Last Modified: 14 Mar 2024 04:37
URI: http://classical.goforpromo.com/id/eprint/765

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