A Review on the Applications of Biochar in Agricultural Farms: A Low Carbon Emission Technology

Improving the condition of the soil is essential for successful agriculture since it increases crop output and soil fertility. Applying biochar to the soil can boost crop yields and soil fertility. Biochar is a solid carbon-rich substance made by pyrolyzing biomass, which includes trash, wood, and agricultural crop leftovers under low oxygen conditions. Because biochar has potential uses in waste recycling, soil nutrient retention, and greenhouse gas emission reduction, it is significant for sequestering carbon. Over the last two decades, biochar has received substantial attention in agriculture and the environment. Agriculture soil productivity has long been increased by the application of synthetic fertilizers, some of which leached into the environment and released greenhouse gases (GHG). Improving soil microbiology and water retention, as well as increasing fertilizer efficiency, are some of the basic problems facing agricultural practices. Biochar is becoming more and more popular as a soil supplement to increase crop yields and sequester carbon. Biochar is one of the many conservation agricultural techniques that can be used to improve soil fertility, and crop productivity, and slow down global warming. It is also a readily available and important input for sustainable agriculture. Furthering global food security, biochar may improve soils' ability to produce crops under various biotic and abiotic stress. This review examines the numerous uses of biochar to guarantee the long-term, safe enhancement of soil fertility. An overview of the characteristics, manufacturing process, and applications of biochar in agriculture is given in this review. Researchers, farmers, and academics interested in using biochar might find this review to be a helpful resource.